The connection between environment and development challenges are reinforced through social, economic and environmental processes across the world. These challenges are based on set of some potential drivers. these drivers included population figures, technological innovations, cultural, social, political,and economic transformations. Based on report of World Commission on Environment and Development (Brundtland Commission), with passage of time these drivers have become dominant.
Every country in the world is planning for sustainable development policies for almost every sector including urban development, industrialization, food production, agricultural resources, waste management, building design etc. For successful and effective running of the today world, the governance of sustainable development policies is the limelight of implementation. what is governance and how it links with sustainability is very important to understand.
On this topic, inspiring & Beautiful lecture was delivered by one of guest lecturers in RPK 538 class. The name of talented teacher is "Dr. Rahmat Azam Mustafa" who taught us the concept of sustainability and its relationship with governance so intelligently that i got an idea of these terms in its connection with real world. An overview of my learning from the lecture is shared here. hope the readers will learn something too from it.
Concept of Sustainability: Sustainability is a theory based on retaining the current resources and life opportunities for furture generation. according to UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) , the sustainability theory should have the four main focuses:
- Eliminating poverty
- Creating jobs and sustaining livelihoods
- Protecting and regenerating environment
- Promoting advancement of women
There are most probably three types of sustainability:
- Environmental sustainability (saving the environmental resources for future)
- Socio-political sustainability ( ensuring the security of life in friendly living)
- Economic sustainability ( creating opportunities for employment & investment)
Although our world is progressing economically, but its automatic lead is not towards interest of sustainable development. to avoid economic progress making it a threat for human living, it should be integrated with five following aspects:
- empowerment (involving people in decision making)
- cooperation ( enhancing the teamwork )
- equity (equal access of resources for everyone)
- sustainability (saving for future generation)
- security (safe and sound living)
Concept of Governance:
The concept of governance is about promoting and supporting the human development with its special consideration for poorest and most marginal groups of people, based on exercising the economic, political and administrative authorities engaging in terms of mechanisms and institutions. with this approach, common citizens participate through expression of their interests, meeting of requirements and intervention of their differences.
›A good governance is about ensuring participation, transparency and accountability. it basically comprises of three legs:
›Economic-decision making processes in country's economic activities
›Political-the process of decision-making to formulate policy
›Administrative-policy implementation
The 9 Aspects of Good Governance: A fair governance policy includes ›9
aspects which can be explained like this:
The concept of participation of all with rule of law in a transparent manner serving in terms of responding in favor of concensus (public interest) to provide equal opportunities efficiently with an accountable approach incorporating the Vision for future perspective.
Domains coming under Governance:
the main domains of concern regarding governance are:
- The state (Government or the leadership of country)
- The private sector ( The primary source of development & employment)
- The civil society ( community of common people, citizens )
The State:
The state mainly involved in maintaining macroeconomic conditions, health sector standards, safe environment for all, mobilizing resources for necessary public demands and infrastructure, law & order and social harmony.
The Private Sector:
›The private sector is the most active domain playing important roles like to create job
markets, to ensure poor and especially women having easy access to credit, to create
investment opportunities, to provide incentives for human development,to protect the
environment and natural resources.
The Civil Society:
The civil society being a group of all citizens is mainly engaged in protecting human rights, channeling people participation in economic and social activities, enhancing the social capital.›
Summary:
Sustainable development in any sector is always driven by a country/state that governs well, a private sector that creates job and investment, and the civil society that ensure the participation of common people in social, economic and political activities.
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